γῆ

γῆ, ἡ, occasionally in Hom., freq. in Hes., and the only form in [dialect] Att. Prose for γαῖα: dual

A

γαῖν A.Pers.736

: pl. rare,

γαῖ Arist.Pr. 934b9

,

γέαι SIG279.40

([place name] Zelea), etc., AP9.430 (Crin.): gen.

γεῶν Hdt.4.198

, GDI5755.14 ([place name] Mylasa);

γῶν BGU993 iii 10

(ii B. C.): acc. γέας [Democr.] 299, SIG46.3 (Halic.),

γᾶς PTeb.6.31

(ii B. C.), Str. 2.5.26; Cypr.

ζᾶς Inscr.Cypr.135.30

H.: dat. pl. γέαις prob. in CIG 2693f9 ([place name] Mylasa), LW415.9 (ibid.):—earth (including land and sea, Sapph.Supp.5.2) opp. heaven, or land opp. sea,

Γῆ τε καὶ Ἠέλιος καὶ Ἐρινύες Il.19.259

, cf. 3.104; τίς γῆ; Od.13.233;

γῆς περίοδοι Hdt.4.36

, Arist.Mete.362b12, title of work by Hecat.: personified, Il. l.c., A.Th.69, Pers.629, etc.; κατὰ γῆν on land, by land, opp. ναυσί, Th. 1.18; opp. ἐκ θαλάσσης, Id.2.81;

κατὰ γῆν στέλλεσθαι X.An.5.6.5

, etc.; ἐπὶ γῆς on earth, opp. νέρθε, S.OT416; κατὰ γῆς below the earth, A.Ch.377,475, etc.;

κάτω γῆς S.OT968

;

ὑπὸ γῆς Id.Fr.572

;

γᾶς ὑπένερθε Pi.Fr.292

: gen. with local Adverbs,

ἵνα γῆς E.Andr. 168

; ποῦ, ποῖ, ὅποι γ., S.OT108, Ph.1211, El.922;

ὅπου γ. Ar.Av. 9

.

2 earth, as an element, Xenoph.27, Anaxag.4, Pl.Prt.320d, Lg.889b, Arist.Metaph.989a5, Cael.306a18, etc.

b γῆν καὶ ὕδωρ αἰτεῖν, as tokens of submission, Hdt.5.18, Lycurg.71;

γῆν καὶ ὕδωρ διδόναι Hdt.5.18

, al.

II land, country,

καὶ γῆν καὶ πόλιν A.Eu. 993

; γῆν πρὸ γῆς ἐλαύνεσθαι, διώκειν, from land to land, Id.Pr.682, Ar. Ach.235;

ἡ ἁγία γῆ LXX Wi.12.3

; one's native land, Tyrt.12.33, Thgn.1213, A.Supp.890 (lyr.), S.OC441, E.Ph.1090; freq. omitted with art., ἐκ τῆς ἐμαυτοῦ (sc. γῆς)

δραπέτας Id.Heracl.140

, etc.

2 freq. in Trag., city,

αὐτός τε καὶ γῆ δορὶ πεσοῦσ' Ἑλληνικῷ Id.Tr. 868

.

III the earth or ground as tilled,

ἄροτον γῆς S.OT270

; γᾶ φθίνουσα ib.665, etc.; τὴν γῆν ἐργάζεσθαι, θεραπεύειν, till the ground, Pl.R.420e, X.Oec.5.12;

τὰ ἐκ τῆς γῆς φυόμενα Id.Mem.4.3.10

.

2 estate, farm,

γῆν πρίασθαι Lys.32.23

; ἐπὶ γῇ δανείζειν lend on mortgage, D.36.6.

IV of particular kinds of earth or minerals, e.g. fuller's earth. Thphr.Char.10.14, cf. Gal.12.168;

Κιμωλία γ. Ar.Ra. 712

, cf. Hp.Mul.2.189.